Single ventricle

Single ventricle,also called common ventricle, is a rare congenital malformation. Single ventricle can be divided into many subtypes. Accordance to ventricular morphology divided into four types: A type: the left ventricular morphology, including the right ventricle funnel with the Department of the Ministry of the original outflow tract; B-type: the right ventricular morphology and no left ventricular sinus Department (left ventricle may be the vestiges were a non-functional bag of crack or gap); C-type: ventricle, including left and right of the main part of the two rooms, no ventricular septal, or only its vestiges; D-type: not with ventricular or right ventricular characteristics of left ventricular (no right ventricular and left ventricular sinus).

From the foundation of embryology, the formation of single ventricle is caused by atrioventricular canal and the right ventricle on malalignment, so that both the two atrio-ventricular valve to a ventricle. Common complication of the pulmonary valve obstruction, it may deviate from the interval of the funnel.

The pathophysiology of Single ventricle is depends on pulmonary valve stenosis, indeed in all aspects of aortic stenosis, atrioventricular valve insufficiency, such as the availability and extent of, as well as ventricular function. Significant pulmonary valve stenosis in a cyanotic and appear as an extension of time erythrocytosis. Not with pulmonary valve stenosis, the pulmonary blood flow is increased, has pulmonary congestive and congestive heart failure symptoms and signs, the late increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary hypertension. Ventricular dysfunction and atrioventricular valve insufficiency may be due to the long-term ventricular volume overload or atrioventricular valve abnormalities have been the original. Atrioventricular valve insufficiency with the increase and the deterioration of cardiac function, congestive heart failure also gradually increase the performance. Subaortic stenosis with pulmonary valve stenosis often come from, or are especially vulnerable because of the lung with blood in the multi-line pulmonary artery ring beam had surgery, the ventricular wall due to over-estimate due to hypertrophy, such cases Correction line operation, the of particularly high risk of death. As the atrioventricular node conduction and the total abnormal position of the beam, A-Ⅲ type single ventricle cause spontaneous or surgical block, the incidence is particularly high.