Osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is malignant tumor that origin of osteogenic tissue, is composed of bone, bone-like tissue made from tumor cells. Osteosarcoma incidence of primary malignant tumors in the first occupied. High degree of malignancy of the tumor, after the very poor to be there in a couple of months of lung metastasis, amputation within 3 ~ 5-year survival rate is only 5 ~ 20%. osteosarcoma that occurred in the distal femur and proximal tibia is about three-quarters of all osteosarcoma, such as the humerus, the upper femur, fibula, spine, bone, etc. may also occur. Mostly osteolytic, but also for a small number of osteoblasts, the incidence of age: can occur at any age, but mostly in the 10 ~ 25-year-old men more. Tumors in the bone side of the backbone, or even occur in the epiphysis. Osteosarcoma with different components of cartilage, fibrous tissue and bone tissue of Health. Subperiosteal cortical bone and marrow infiltration of the Department of proliferation can occur. The main part of the early tumors in the periosteum, the integration in the bone cortex, osteolytic tumor tissue, cartilage components less rapid bone destruction, recycling rich necrotic area of bone can be formed parcels to the adjacent soft tissue tumor proliferation, pathological fractures can occur, a small number of hard bone tumor. Generally not invasive osteosarcoma joints, occasional cortical destruction or fracture involving the joint pathology. As a result of tumor development and periosteal reaction, subperiosteal often known as high since the formation of triangular Friedman test (Codman)'s triangle, and with the backbone of the sun was perpendicular to the needle-like radiation bone. Can be seen under the microscope in many tumor cells, cell and nuclear size, shape different small multinucleated giant cells, spindle cells, immature and malignant cartilage cells into bone cells, the nucleus large, deep staining. Almost all have been the transfer of blood to the lungs, a small number of transferred to the brain, internal organs, kidneys and the lymphatic vessels to the lymph nodes.

Tumor of long bone metaphysis from the Department of the bone marrow cavity. Then to penetrate cortical bone and lift the outer membrane. Periosteal perforation, also in muscle and soft tissue tumors can be found. Under normal circumstances, the Central Department of tumors than four weeks for the re-ossification. Ossification of the yellow sand-like part. Cells in the region more resilient larger white. Longitudinal scraping surface of tumor blood vessel-rich, easy bleeding. The metaphyseal bone and unclear boundaries between the tumor. Epiphyseal plate often are not violated, to the late epiphyseal plate cortical damage than light. Articular cartilage surface of the glass can prevent the invasive intra-articular tumor. Occasionally in the same bone occur in two different heights of the primary tumor, the so-called jump-type of disease, when in the selection of amputation level should be noted.

Pathology of osteosarcoma can be divided into four types: the first type is mainly bone-like tissue; the second type of bone-like tissue and bone tissue both; III no bone-like tissue and bone tissue, only the collagen fibers; fourth type is rare, the main component of cartilage cells and different patterns, poorly differentiated tumor cells. Contact pathological findings and clinical considerations are valuable. Pathological findings alone can not estimate the rate of tumor growth and metastasis of ways and in children with survival time. The nucleus to split the case is a measure of tumor growth speed of the mark, but it is estimated that the prognosis is very limited.