Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), also called Infant respiratory distress syndrome, is condition that the newborn infant after a brief (a few minutes or hours) of natural breathing, and subsequent progressive dyspnea, cyanosis, groaning and other symptoms of acute respiratory distress and respiratory failure. The main pathological changes is hyaline membrane formation in infant with NRDS.

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is due to the lack of pulmonary surfactant, alveolar end-expiratory collapse, with the result that happen aggravated sexual respiratory failure and respiratory distress in shortly after birth. Occured mainly in premature infants, low or expired birth weight infants, the smaller in gestational age, the higher in incidence rate. In addition, infants of diabetic mothers, the second infant of twins, fetal distress or asphyxia, genetic history, RDS incidence is also higher. Complications of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome include Air leak, Oxygen toxicity and Convalescence of open ductus arteriosus.