Myocarditis

Myocarditis is diffuse acute, subacute or chronic inflammatory diseases in cardiac muscle. Viral myocarditis in recent years, the relative incidence is increasing. Severity differed vastly different and more severe illness in infants, adults and more lighter, and light can no obvious symptoms, severe arrhythmias can be serious complications, heart failure and even sudden death.

Acute or subacute phase of myocarditis precursor disease symptoms, the patient may have fever, fatigue, hyperhidrosis, palpitation, dyspnea, precordial stuffy pain. Inspection shows that pre-contraction, arrhythmia, such as conduction block. Aspartate aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase increased faster sedimentation rate. ECG, X-ray diagnosis. Treatment includes rest, improved myocardial nutrition, control of cardiac dysfunction and to correct arrhythmias, such as the prevention of secondary infection.

Myocarditis can be divided into three types base on its causes:
1. infectious diseases occurred in the course of myocarditis: the pathogenicity of pathogens can be bacteria, viruses, fungi, Rickettsia, Treponema or parasites. Diphtheria is a bacterial infection, and the disease has become one of the most serious complications; typhoid myocarditis when many see; bacterial infection of myocardial damage by bacterial toxins. Bacterial endocarditis, or myocarditis can be extended and the myocardium, associated with myocarditis, a Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, mainly Streptococcus or pneumococcal, meningococcal bacteremia, sepsis, such as occasionally may be caused by violations of myocardial inflammation . A variety of fungi such as Actinomyces, Candida albicans, aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, such as myocarditis can cause disease, but are rare. Myocarditis protozoan Chagas disease seen mainly in young workers with the bow body disease. Rickettsiosis, such as typhus patients may also have myocarditis. Treponema infection leptospirosis see a lot of myocarditis, syphilis can occur when the myocardium-like swollen gums. In recent years, the incidence of viral myocarditis was significantly increased by the high degree of attention, is the most common myocarditis, mold, parasites, or Rickettsia burgdorferi myocarditis caused by viruses and bacteria are far more rare myocarditis.

2. allergy or allergy-induced myocarditis: As far as is known, the incidence of rheumatic fever to allergy may be the largest, belong to this category of rheumatic myocarditis.

3. chemical, physical or drug-induced myocarditis: chemicals or drugs such as ipecac element of trivalent antimony, doxorubicin, or electrolyte imbalance, such as potassium deficiency or excessive potassium can cause cardiac damage, the pathological There are inflammatory changes; the heart of the district over radiation, but also can cause similar inflammatory changes.