Mitral regurgitation

Mitral regurgitation (mitral insufficiency) is any abnormal or dysfunctional in four consists of Mitral valve such as valve, valve ring, chordae tendineae and papillary muscles.

The main pathological changes of mitral insufficiency is mitral regurgitation, lead to the left atrial overload and left ventricular diastolic overload. When left ventricular contraction, blood flow from left ventricle into the aorta and resistance smaller left atrium, left atrium flows back to the left ventricular output capacity of more than 50%. The left atrium in addition to the pulmonary venous blood, but also to accept the blood of left ventricular reflux, the increased left atrial pressure can lead to pulmonary venous and pulmonary capillary pressure increased, followed by expansion and congestion. At the same time, diastolic left ventricular volume load increased, left ventricular expansion. Early adoption of chronic compensatory, increase in stroke volume and ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic volume and pressure may increase at this time may be of clinical symptoms; decompensation, the decline in stroke volume and ejection fraction, left ventricular diastolic capacity and pressure at the end of a marked increase in the emergence of clinical systemic circulation pulmonary congestion and low perfusion, such as the performance of left heart failure. The later may be occur heart failure and pulmonary hypertension.