Leukemia Diagnosis

Leukemia is a bone marrow disease, so it is diagnosed by bone marrow puncture and bone marrow biopsy. In order to further confirm the type of leukemia, but also extra special examinations required in order to be accurate to leukemia classification, and give the most appropriate treatment. These special examinations, including: cell biochemical special staining, flow cytometry, chromosome examination.

Hemoglobin and platelet count reduction. Leucocyte total number of different, generally at 20.0 ~ 50.0 × 109 / L, a small number of higher than 100 × 109 or lower than 10.0 × 109 / L. More than half of the patients peripheral blood, as seen substantial (sometimes up to 90%) abnormal leukocyte original. hemocyte staining method to determine the type of acute leukemia, about 45% of the cases have chromosomal abnormalities, including haploid, and a variety of hyperdiploid chromosome markers. myelodysplastic active, active or apparent extremely active, mainly in leukemia cells. original bone marrow cells> 6% were suspicious, more than 30% the diagnosis more certain that original cell + early (young) cells can be confirmed ≥ 50%. the whole bone marrow, erythroid and megakaryocyte high reduction. in the blood and bone marrow of acute leukemia, as not sufficient to confirm when the application of lymph node puncture fluid smears and specificity of lesions Indian film to find the appropriate combination of leukemia pathology printing fine films, assist in diagnosis. Blood biochemical examination: ① nucleoside terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT): when the activity increased at ALL, but no activity in ANLL. ② alkaline phosphatase (AKP): Obviously at ALL hours, AML decreased significantly. ② lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) : ALL the time increased significantly. Also higher serum uric acid concentration and urinary uric acid excretion with increased use of cytotoxic drugs in the treatment even more.