Home › Heart & Cardiovascular Disorders

Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease, also called muco-cuta-meous lymph node syndrome (MCLS), is acute febrile rash disease in children characterized by systemic vasculitis. Kawasaki disease is one of the factor of acquired cardiovascular disease in children, and even greater than the risk of rheumatic fever in many places.

According to pathomorphology, Kawasaki disease can be divided into four phases :

Period Ⅰ: about 1 ~ 2 weeks, which is characterized as follows:

  • the small artery, small vein and microvascular inflammation in and around;
  • secondary and inflammation in and around the main artery;
  • lymphocytes and other leukocyte infiltration and local edema.

    Phase Ⅱ: About 2 to 4 weeks, which is characterized as follows:

  • reduce inflammation of small blood vessels;
  • Yan medium variant of the main artery, coronary artery aneurysm and thrombosis often;
  • the main artery of the rare variant of vascular inflammation;
  • monocyte cell infiltration or necrosis of the more significant changes.

    Period Ⅲ: About 4 to 7 weeks, which is characterized as follows:

  • the small blood vessels and microvascular inflammation subsided;
  • granuloma occurred in the middle artery.

    Stage Ⅳ: About seven weeks or more, vascular changes of acute inflammation are mostly gone, replaced by middle-artery thrombosis, obstruction, intimal thickening, as well as the emergence of aneurysm scar formation. On the distribution of arterial disease can be divided into:

  • organs outside the main artery of the middle or more violations of coronary artery, axillary, iliac artery and neck, chest, abdomen other arteries;
  • visceral artery, involving the heart, kidneys, lungs, gastrointestinal, skin, liver, spleen, gonad, salivary gland and brain and other body organs.

    In addition to vasculitis, the pathology also involves a variety of organs, especially in interstitial myocarditis, pericarditis and endocarditis the most significant conduction system can be affected, often at stage Ⅰ disease cause death. To the first Ⅱ, Ⅳ period common variant of ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction can be fatal. Aneurysm rupture and there is myocarditis stage Ⅱ, Ⅲ important cause of death.

    Kawasaki disease is very similar to infantile rationale polyarteritis nodosa. In addition to coronary artery or pulmonary artery aneurysm and thrombosis, the aorta and pulmonary artery or conduit, such as changes in both intima. Fluorescent antibody examination showed heart, spleen, lymph nodes of the arterial wall are composed of immunoglobulin IgG. Cervical lymph node and skin absorption can occur vasculitis, with necrosis of small vessels fiber. There is a high degree of shrinkage of the thymus, heart weight increased, the expansion of ventricular hypertrophy, liver steatosis and mild hyperemia and follicular lymph nodes increased. However, there was no significant glomerular lesions.

    • Submitted by Health Studies on Sun, 04/26/2009 - 18:43
    Category: