Hyponatremia Treatment

Treatment for Hyponatremia include: to remove the cause; correct hyponatremia; symptomatic treatment; treatment complications.

1. The treatment of acute hyponatremia. Can be 3% sodium chloride intravenous solution for 1 ~ 2ml / (kg h). At the same time, diuretic injection in order to speed up the excretion of free water to the blood [Na +] a faster recovery. If there is a serious central nervous symptoms, can speed up to 4 ~ 6ml / (kg h), and even the use of 29.2% sodium chloride solution 50ml drip, but should be closely monitored changes in serum electrolytes.

2. The treatment of chronic hyponatremia. May limit the water intake and inhibition of ADH release, or increase the solute intake or excretion. Drugs inhibit the release of ADH on the modern clinical selection to the United States for cyclophilin (demeclocycline) for the 1200mg dose after the first 300 ~ 900mg / d of this drug can inhibit the renal tubular response to ADH, so that an increase in free water discharge, the medication can be open-water period . However, the drug toxic to the nerves and kidney, and light sensitivity may occur, the child can use the teeth and bone abnormalities. Have impaired liver function is disabled. Solute can be used to increase oral intake of urea, serving 30 ~ 60g / d. Permeability of urea can cause diuresis, increased excretion of free water. Bad taste unpalatable side effects. Have symptoms of chronic hyponatremia treatment measures to supplement the sodium and diuretics increase the excretion of free water. It should be noted that: the blood [Na +] not to correct the rate of more than 1mmol / (L h); renal water loss rate of 250ml / h.

3. The treatment of sodium loss hyponatremia. Commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and renal sodium loss. At the same time such a case there is water loss, but the loss of sodium than water is lost, it caused loss of sodium permeability of blood volume status and lack of cause and peripheral circulatory failure. The situation is compounded by the loss of water and sodium, therefore, will not cause imbalance in osmotic pressure inside and outside brain cells, it is therefore not nerve damage and symptoms of intracranial hypertension. Sodium treatment is Sodium complement. Only mild oral tablets can be saline or sodium chloride, while drinking water, so that the restoration of blood volume. In severe cases, the intravenous saline or a high concentration of added salt. Lack of physical volume of sodium (sodium or volume to be filled) may be calculated as follows: lack of quantity of sodium (mmol) = (normal sodium - sodium measured patients) × 0.6 × body weight patients.

4. The treatment of dilution hyponatremia. The excretion of renal disease is the main reason for dysfunction and heart, liver, impaired renal function and cause salt and water retention in the body, so treatment is mainly restricted water intake and to exclude the free water diuresis.