Hypertonic dehydration Symptoms

According to the symptoms vary, but generally will be divided into three hyperosmolar degrees of water shortage:

Mild water shortage: symptom is thirst, there is no other symptoms. Water capacity is 2% ~ 4% of body weight.

Moderate water shortage: there is extreme thirst, accompanied by fatigue, oliguresis, high specific gravity. Mouth parched and tongue scorched, bad skin elasticity, sunken eye socket, often irritating. Water deficit is 4% ~ 6% of body weight.

Severe water shortage: In addition to the above symptoms, the emergence of mania, hallucinations and even coma and other symptoms of brain dysfunction. Water deficit is more than 6% of body weight.

Loss due to water loss than sodium, extracellular fluid osmolality increased to stimulate the thirst center (except the thirst for a sense of disorder), to find water to drink to patients.

In addition to patients with diabetes insipidus, osmotic pressure of extracellular fluid increased the stimulation of osmotic pressure receptors of the hypothalamus increased the release of ADH, thus increasing renal reabsorption of water, a reduction in the proportion of higher volume.

Increased extracellular osmotic pressure enables a relatively low osmotic pressure fluid in the cells of the water transfer to the extracellular . more than three points so that extracellular fluid can be added water, so that tends to lower osmotic pressure. can be seen that when the cells hyperosmolar dehydration and extracellular fluid have been reduced, but the extracellular fluid obtained from several possible added, the extracellular fluid and blood volume reduction as it was clearly hypotonic dehydration, also occurred less shock.

Patients with early or mild, was not obvious because of hypovolemia, aldosterone secretion is not increased, the urine still sodium excretion, and its concentration can be due to an increase in water reabsorption and higher; at the late and severe cases, can reduce blood volume, an increase in aldosterone secretion due to reduction of urinary sodium.

Increased extracellular osmotic pressure so that when brain cells can be dehydrated caused by a series of central nervous system dysfunction symptoms, including lethargy, muscle convulsions, coma and even death. brain volume due to dehydration and to reduce significantly, the skull and cerebral cortex increased tension between the blood vessels, which can lead to vein rupture and the emergence of local intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Severe dehydration cases, especially in children, because of evaporation of moisture from the skin to reduce heat affected hot dehydration can happen.