Galeazzi fracture
What is Galeazzi fracture?
Galeazzi fracture is combined radioulnar joint dislocation that the lower radius l / 3 fractures. As early as 1929 that the Frenchman's call it the anti-fracture of the glenoid. In 1934 a detailed description of such a Galeazzi injury, and suggested that restoration of thumb strength traction. Must Galeazzi fracture surgery. Monteggia fracture of such injury is more common than the incidence rate of about 6 times higher than the Monteggia fracture.
What is causes of Galeazzi fracture?
Galeazzi fracture may be due to direct combat radius far l / 3 of the radial segment caused dorsal; also a result of a fall, hand up to the stress caused by communication, but also because of the machine caused by rolling cutter. Different mechanism of injury, the fracture characteristics are also different.
Which type of Galeazzi fracture are there?
1. Green distal radial ulna fracture with sticks head epiphyseal separation, are children. This type of injury in light, easy restoration.
2. Far radius l / 3 fracture, transverse fracture for the short oblique, oblique. Significantly shortened shift, the next obvious radioulnar joint dislocation. Hand up for a fall and injury. Forearm pronation radial position when the injury is far above fold shift to the dorsal forearm supination radial position when the injury is far above fold shift to the palm. Clinically to shift from mostly palm. This type of serious injury, under the joint charge of the dorsal radioulnar ligament, triangular fibrocartilage disc already broken (triangular fibrocartilage disc when there is no fracture ulnar styloid process fractures). Interosseous membrane is also a certain degree of injury.
3. Far radius l / 3 fracture dislocation of radioulnar and ulnar shaft fractures combined or traumatic foot bending of the backbone. Machine rolling for injuries caused by strangulation. Re-injury, which may result in open wounds. In addition at this time under the charge of radioulnar joints, the dorsal ligament, triangular fibrocartilage disc rupture, the interosseous membrane more serious injury.
What is Symptoms and signs of Galeazzi fracture?
Galeazzi fracture symptoms and signs are related with level of trauma. Displacement of the fracture symptoms is only pain, swelling and tenderness. Such as the shift will be significantly shortened radius and angle, under the radioulnar joint tenderness, bulging foot bones. For closed fracture, open fracture of the radial bone, when most of the last fold of skin-side perforation caused by a small wound. Rare neurovascular injury.
How is Galeazzi fracture diagnosis?
Galeazzi fracture is diagnosed by X-ray tests. Fracture is usually located in the middle and lower radius l / 3 at the junction for the transverse or short oblique, more serious crush. Radial fracture as a significant shift, the next will be radioulnar joint dislocation. In place before and after x-ray films, expressed as radial shortening, distal ulna and radius distance reduction in radius to the ulnar side. Lateral x-ray films, usually radial angle to the palmar, dorsal foot bones to highlight.
How is Galeazzi fracture treatment?
Galeazzi fracture is treated by Closed reduction. However, muscle contraction, maintenance of reduction is more difficult position. Pronator quadratus muscle as a result, hazy muscle, extensor pollicis longus muscle and the abductor pollicis longus muscle contraction overlap so that the remote fracture displacement, and ulnar side, so the success rate of closed reduction is not high. Not ideal treatment outcome. Therefore should be taken to open reduction and internal fixation methods. Radius fractures should be anatomic reduction, strong fixation, the use of compression plate placed in charge of surface radius. Postoperative care before and after the short arm plaster, neutral forearm rotation brake 4 ~ 6 weeks. To brake function after exercise. Galeazzi fracture old. If the radius had been healed, and only mild deformity, but there is limited forearm rotation and pain, we should do foot bone surgery can improve function and reduce symptoms of rotation. In severe cases, deformities, deformity must be corrected to a fixed screw plate bone graft at the same time. Very strong, such as internal fixation can be at the same time scale of bone resection, or to be radial fracture healing, the foot bone surgery again. Not after external fixation, ulnar forearm so placed as early as the beginning of functional exercises.