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Bile duct Cancer (cholangiocarcinoma) Causes

The causes of Bile duct Cancer (cholangiocarcinoma) is unknown, and its risk factors that include: ulcerative colitis, gallstones, choledochal cyst and so on, these factors is related with cholangiocarcinoma causes.

Pathological changes of Bile duct Cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)

1. The occurrence site of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. In anatomy, in accordance with the site of cancer, extrahepatic bile duct cancer can be divided into:

  • around hepatic duct cancer;
  • hepatic duct cancer;
  • cystic duct cancer;
  • hepatic duct, cystic duct and common bile duct junction cancer;
  • gall Explorer cancer.

    2. Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma general form: extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the general patterns can be divided into three types:

  • infiltrating wall: can be found in any part of the bile duct, the most common. Thickening of the wall as a result of involvement may be caused by small or narrow lumen, thereby blocking phenomenon can occur.
  • nodular type: a rare invasive than the wall, can be seen in the late cholangiocarcinoma, cancer nodules in diameter can be 1.5 ~ 5.0cm.
  • endovascular papillary type: The most rare, can be found in any part of the bile duct, but more rare confluence. This type of cavity can be completely blocked bile duct. Cancer tissue to the lumen in addition to the main growth, but also further to the growth of wall infiltration.

    3. Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Histological type: according to the type of cancer cells, cancer tissue differentiation and growth pattern. Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma can be divided into the following six:

  • papillary adenocarcinoma: In addition to the individual for infiltrating the wall, the cavity in almost all papillary type.
  • well-differentiated adenocarcinoma: a maximum in cholangiocarcinoma, could account for 2 / 3 or more can be found in any part of. Cancer tissue infiltration in the wall growth, around the entire wall. Invasive carcinoma was the size, shape, irregular glandular structure, and some were to the expansion of cysts.
  • poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma: that is, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, glandular cancer tissue was part of the structure, part of the solid film of irregular blocks, and diffuse infiltration in the wall growth.
  • undifferentiated carcinoma: rare. Some small-cell undifferentiated carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma of gallbladder in the same cells in the gall bladder wall with diffuse infiltration, interstitial less. Invasive carcinoma of the larger organizations, often invaded the surrounding adipose tissue and the bile duct or adjacent organs.
  • signet-ring cell carcinoma: rare. With the gallbladder or gastrointestinal signet ring cell carcinoma of the same, ranging from the degree of differentiation of cancer cells containing mucus composition. Cancer cells without a certain structure, and diffuse infiltration.
  • squamous cell carcinoma: rare. Its organizational form and the same as seen in other organs.

    4. The extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma spread and metastasis: Early, the occurrence of metastasis less, mainly along the bile duct wall upward and downward proliferation of direct infiltration. Hepatic duct above paragraph can be directly invade liver cancer than in cancer often lower. The most common is the hilar lymph node metastasis, but also to other parts of the abdominal lymph nodes. Various parts of the bile duct to liver metastasis up to see, especially in high bile duct carcinoma, carcinoma with portal easy to violate, the formation of thrombosis in cancer can lead to liver metastasis. To adjacent organs may also be the pancreas, gallbladder metastasis.

    • Submitted by Health Studies on Fri, 04/17/2009 - 17:04
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