Anaphylactic shock prevention

Testing to determine the trigger

It is important to try to confirm the allergen that caused the anaphylactic shock reaction. Allergists can perform and interpret skin tests to confirm the person's specific allergen triggers. For the most reliable results, skin tests should be performed at least three to four weeks after an episode of anaphylaxis, because if done too soon after the event, such tests may give negative results when the person truly does have an allergy. Antihistamines and certain other medications need to be stopped for at least four days before these tests are performed.

Blood tests can also be used to confirm the presence of IgE antibodies to an anaphylaxis trigger. Blood tests can be performed immediately after an anaphylaxis episode and medications do not interfere with the results.

In some cases, allergy tests do not identify any specific trigger. This condition is called idiopathic anaphylaxis. It is more common in adults than in children. An allergist can provide the best advice about how to manage this condition.

The best way to prevent anaphylaxis is to avoid substances (allergen) that was the trigger.

If the trigger is a food, you must learn to read food labels carefully. When ordering foods at restaurants or eating in friends' homes, ask about ingredients. Be aware of ingredients that may contain triggers. Avoid eating foods if you can't confirm their ingredients. If your reactions are severe, contact the manufacturer to assure that the triggering food was not processed in the same area as a food to which you are allergic.

If the trigger is a drug, inform all health care providers of the reaction. Be prepared to report what happened when you had the reaction. Wear a tag (necklace or bracelet) that identifies the allergy.

Insect stings are more difficult to avoid. Wear long-sleeved clothing outdoors. Avoid bright colors and perfumes that attract stinging insects. Avoid wearing sandals or walking barefoot in the grass. Use caution with sweetened beverages outdoors, such as uncovered soft drinks.

Keep a properly stocked emergency kit with prescribed medications available at all times. Your doctor can advise you on the appropriate contents. This may include an epinephrine auto-injector. Make sure your auto-injector has not expired. These medications generally last 18 months.