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Acute Leukemia Treatment

1. Supporting treatment.

  • infection prevention and control. Serious infections are the leading cause of death, so prevention of infection is important. Attention to the mouth, nasopharynx, skin hygiene around the anus to prevent the mucosal ulcers, erosion, bleeding, in the event of illness in a timely manner to deal with. already exist in patients with infection, treatment before the bacterial culture and sensitivity test in order to select effective antibiotic therapy. In general, fungal infections can be used nystatin, clotrimazole, miconazole, etc.; virus infection may choose to ribavirin. tablets small reduction in infection may be given white blood cells, plasma infusion to symptomatic treatment.
  • improving the anemia: You can lose whole blood or red blood cell concentrates. Marked anemia may, where appropriate, red blood cell transfusion or fresh whole blood; autoimmune anemia available adrenal cortical hormone, or testosterone propionate and other anabolic hormones.
  • hemorrhage control: chemotherapy for leukemia, so that the disease is to correct the bleeding have been alleviated by the most effective way. But prone to occur before chemotherapy to alleviate thrombocytopenia and bleeding, can be an oral prevention of blood contact. There is serious bleeding may be adrenal corticosteroids, transfusion of whole blood or platelets. acute leukemia and easy to concurrent DIC, confirmed the need for a swift one with heparin treatment, heparin treatment at the same time, to give anti-fibrinolytic drugs (such as on the carboxyl benzylamine, hemostasis acid, etc.) . necessary infusion of new blood or plasma.
  • the prevention of hyperuricemia: The high white blood cell count in chemotherapy patients may be due to substantial leukocyte damage, decomposition, so that increased serum uric acid, and sometimes caused by uric acid stones by urinary tract obstruction, so special attention to urine output and sediment investigation and determination of uric acid concentration; when the serum uric acid> 59um01 / L when required substantial infusion and urine alkalization.

    2. Chemotherapy: chemotherapy treatment of acute leukemia are the main means, can be divided into remission induction and maintenance therapy in two stages.

    Remission induced by large doses of multiple drugs are combined with the strong chemotherapy, in order to prompt substantial anti-leukemic cells, control the disease, reaching complete remission, in order to lay a good foundation for future treatment. The so-called complete remission, leukemia refers to symptoms and signs completely disappeared , hemogram and bone marrow as basically returned to normal, acute leukemia at the end of therapy, the number of leukemia cells in vivo is estimated to be 5 × 1010 ~ 13;, were treated to achieve the mitigation standards body is still a considerable number of leukemia cells, it is estimated that at 108 ~ 109 the following, and at extramedullary some of the hidden there is still infiltration of leukemic cells.

    Maintenance therapy is a series of modest and low-dose treatment program for a longer period of time the continuation of treatment, aimed at the consolidation of remission induced by the obtained complete remission and long-term sick to maintain this kind of "disease-free" status and survival, Finally to achieve cure.

    Consolidation therapy after maintenance therapy are at. Maintenance therapy before the permission of the sick, and then induced to alleviate duplicate programs. Intensive therapy are in the maintenance treatment of some middle course to repeat the original program-induced remission. Central nervous system prophylactic treatment appropriate at remission induction therapy immediately after emergence to avoid and reduce the occurrence of central nervous system leukemia, a complete treatment program to be followed in the above-mentioned principles.

    3. Bone Marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow transplantation refers to the normal hematopoietic stem cells donated by the importation of leukemia patients, so that the restoration of hematopoietic function in patients with leukemia and immune function to achieve the purpose of curing disease.

    • Submitted by Health Studies on Sat, 03/28/2009 - 02:53
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